Fluid-compressor



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S. H. HUMAN.

FLUID, CBMPRESSOR. APPLICATION FILED IuNE 5. 191e.

,Patented May 10,1921.

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SAMUEL H. HUMAN, OF CHIC-AGO., ILLINOIS.

FLUID-COMPRESSOR.

To all 'whom t may concern a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Fluid-Compressors, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

This invention relates to Huid compressors or pumps, and more specifically to that class of compressors wherein positive means are employed for moving the piston in one direction, such as in the direction of its compression stroke, and wherein spring' means are employed for returning the Vpiston to its original position, or moving the same in the direction of its intake stroke. 'l

The principal feature of my invention resides in the spring means which I employ for thus returning the piston to its original position after it has been moved by some positive means in its advanced position. One of the objectsof the'present invention is to locate this returning spring' so that no space is occupied by it within the working chamber of the cylinder, and to provide spring means which apply force to the piston concentrically therewith so that any tilting action of the piston within its working cylinder is prevented. This is an important feature in a pump wherein a relatively wide but short piston is employed.

A further object of this invention is the provision of means for moving the piston away from Vits positive operating means so that when it is desired to discontinue the pumping action of the compressor the reciprocation of the piston may be interrupted whether its operating means is permitted to operate or not, the means Jfor rendering the pump ,piston inert being operable entirely independently of the position of the piston.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which similar parts are designated by like characters, and in whi ch- Figure 1 is a vertical cross sectional view showing the pump piston in its operating position Fig. 2 is a vertical cross sectional. View taken along the lipe 2--2 of Fig.y 1 looking 1n the direction indicated bythe arrows show- Specfication of Letters Patent.

Patented May 10, 1921'.

Application filed June 5, 1916. Serial No. 101,731.

ing the piston at the end of `its compression stroke; and

Fig. 3 is a view somewhat similar to Fig. 2, some of the parts being shown -in eleva'- tipn, illustrating the means for moving the piston to clear its operating means. y

The casing of the compressor'is made up of a base portion 4 and an upper portion 5 the base and upper portions being screwed V together as illustrated at 6. The up er portion 5 contains the working cylinder which communicates with the intake valve 8 and the outlet valve 9. Arranged to reciprocate within the working cylinder is a pistonA 10 having its lower end hllowed out at 11. (lne or morepiston rings may be provided at 12 to tightly seal the space'between the piston and the cylinder wall. Held in a recess provided in the upper portion 5 is an inverted U member 13 extending upwardly, as shown in Fig. 1, into the hollow portion of the piston 10. An aperture is provided at 14 centrally located'with respect to the piston. As most clearly illustrated in Fig. 1, that portion of the casing 5 which clamps the legs of the inverted U member 13 is re' cessed so that the U member is held in place within the upper casing 5 when the portions 4 and 5 of the casing are disassembled. Extending downwardly from the central part` of the piston, and preferably forming apart thereof, is a stud 15 extending through the aperture 14 in the inverted U member. Threaded into the lower end of the stud 15 at 16. is a combined 4bearing plate and flange 16, serving, as will presently be described, as the engaging face for the piston operating rmeans and a iange or abutment for a return spring. To facilitate assembling of the parts the member 16 maybe constructed hexagonal in shape as illustrated. This iiange or plate'is arranged to bear against a ring 17 rotatably mounted around/an eccentric 18 fixed to the operating From the description thus far given it ioc . the piston on its intake stroke.

i location of the will be observed that upon rotation of the shaft 19 the piston is moved by means of the eccentric 18 on its compression stroke against the tension of the spring 21. As the eccentric returns to the position illustrated in Fig. 1 the spring 21 serves to lower The eccentric 18 is located so thatyit applies force to the piston at substantially its central portion, thus avoiding tilting of the piston and, consequently, wear between the piston and the cylinder wall. On account of the central spring 21 the force applied by itv to the piston on the downward stroke thereof is such that tilting of the piston is yprevented also on the intake stroke.

v The left hand end of the shaft 19 (Fig. 1)

. `is journaled in a bearing 21 while the other endeXtends loosely through a sleeve 22 extending from the outside of the casing to p the inside thereof. Fixed to the inner end of the sleeve 22, or forming a part thereof,

is a cam 23 positioned in close proximity to the center of the iston. This `cam is arranged when in t e position indicated in Fig. 1 to permit the eccentric 18 and the spring 21 to cooperate to reciprocate the piston. When, however, the cam is moved to the position illustrated in Fig. 3 the piston is lifted above the eccentric so that the piston remains inert. The outer end of the sleeve,\22 has attached thereto an operating handle 24 containing, if desired, a notch 25 arranged to cooperate with a spring detent 26 secured at 27 to the base portion 41. This detent mechanism serves to hold the cam in the position illustrated in Fig. 1. A second notch may be provided in the handle to hold the cam in the position illustrated in Fig. 3, or the cam may be made straight at 28 upon which straight portion the piston may rest. It is to be noted that the cam 23 may be operated at any time entirely independently of the positionof the piston 10 or the eccentric 18.

lTo lubricate the parts the base portion 4.-.

is provided with the oil reservoir 29 into which the eccentric 1s arranged to dip. 'lhe cam 23 is arranged so that when it is vmoved vents full movement thereof in to the position illustrated in 1 it engages the lower end of the piston and preits downward course thus permitting; the ring 17 of the eccentric to momentarily disengage the piston and Irotate with the eccentric 18. This part rotation of the ring 17 causes it to carry oil to the engaging surface of the plate or fian e 16 as well as to the cam 23 and the bearings .for the shaft 19.

The pump which' have herein described isparticularlyuseful for attachment to automobile engines for compressing air for tires and air starters, though I do not wish to be in vany manner limited to this use of thet'nvention, it being applicable to any other use in which air or fluid is required to be pumped. Although my improvement is described with respect to the details of construction herein illustrated it is to be understood that many modifications may be madewithout departing from the spirit or scope of my invention.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Lette'rs Patent of the United States is:

1. In a iiuid -compressor the combination of a casing provided with a working cylinder, a piston reciprof ble therein, said piston having a hollow yide opposite the working chamber of the compressor, an inverted U carried by the casing and arranged to extend into the hollow portion of the piston, said U being provided with an aperture located co-axial with the piston, a central stud carried by the piston and extending through the aperture in the U member, a flange provided on the outer end of the stud, al helical compression spring disposed around the stud and between the U and the iiange, and means for moving the piston against the tension of the spring, thev spring serving to impart movement to the piston in the opposite direction. y

2.'In a fluid compressor the combination of a casing provided with a working cylinn der, alpiston reciprocable thereimsaid piston having a hollow side opposite the working chamber of the compressor, an inverted U carried by the casing and arranged to extend into the hollow portion of the piston, said U being provided with an aperture located co-axial with the piston, a central stuclv carried by the piston and extending through the aperture in the U member, a flange provided on the outer end of the stud, a helical 105 compression spring disposed around the stud and between the U and the iiange, a shaft bearing in the casing, and an eccentric carried by the shaft for moving the piston against the tension ofthe spring, the spring 110 serving to impart movement to the piston in the opposite direction.`

3. ln afluid com ressor the combination of a casing provided) with a working cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, said pis- 115 ton having a hollow side opposite the working chamber of the compressor, an inverted U carried by the casing and arranged to extend into the hollow portion of the piston,

said U being provided with an aperture lo- 120 cated co-axial with the piston,`a central stud carried by the piston and extending through the aperture inthe U member, a fiange rovided on the outer end of the stud, a he ical compression spring disposed around the stud 125 /and between the U and the flange, a shaft bearing in the casing, and an eccentric carried by the shaft arranged to bear against the stud for moving the piston against the tension of the spring, the spring serving to 130 impart movement to. the piston in the opposite direction.

4. In a fluid compressor the combination with a hollow base containing bearings of a shaft rotatable in said bearings, a cam secured to said shaft, a cylinder detachably secured to said base, a hollow piston reciproeable in said cylinder and having a portion adapted to be engaged by said cam, a spring abutment secured between said base and said cylinder and retaining the piston therein, and a compression spring in said piston confined between said abutment and a portion of'said piston to urge said piston against said cam.

In witness whereof I hereunto subscribe my name this 26th day of May, A. D. 1916.

SAMUEL H. HUMAN.

v Witnesses:

ROBERT F. BRACKE, A. Gr. MCCALEB. 

